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Inorganic scintillators include materials such as LYSO (Ce), GAGG (Ce), LuAG (Ce), YAG (Ce), BGO, CsI (Tl), CsI (Na), NaI (Tl) etc. These materials have found wide use in such diverse technological areas as medical radiology (PET), high-energy physics, nondestructive testing, and transportation security, and are becoming even more ubiquitous with each passing year. If you want to inquire about the inorganic scintillator price or if you want to purchase inorganic scintillators, contact Ost Photonics now, we are the most professional scintillator manufacturer.
|
Material |
Light yield (photons/keV) |
Light ouput of NaI(Tl) (%) |
Decay time (ns) |
Wavelength of max emission lm(nm) |
Refractive index at lm |
Thickness to stop 50% of 662 keV photons (cm) |
Hardness (Mho) |
Density (g/cm3) |
Hygroscopic |
|
BaF2 Barium Fluoride |
2.4 fast |
4 fast |
0.6 fast |
220 fast |
1.54 |
1.9 |
3 |
4.89 |
slightly |
|
12.5 slow |
20 slow |
620 slow |
310 slow |
1.5 |
|||||
|
BGO Bismuth Germanate |
8~10 |
15~20 |
300 |
480 |
2.15 |
1 |
5 |
7.13 |
no |
|
CaF2(Eu) Europium-doped Calcium Fluoride |
19 |
50 |
940 |
435 |
1.47 |
2.9 |
4 |
3.18 |
no |
|
CdWO4 Cadmium Tungstate |
12~15 |
30~50 |
14000 |
475 |
2.3 |
1 |
4.5 |
7.9 |
no |
|
CsI(Na) Sodium activated Cesium Iodide |
41 |
85 |
630 |
420 |
1.8 |
2 |
2 |
4.51 |
yes |
|
CsI(Tl) Thallium activated Cesium Iodide |
54 standard |
45 standard |
1000 |
550 |
1.8 |
2 |
2 |
4.51 |
slightly |
|
48 low afterglow |
40 low afterglow |
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|
GAGG(Ce) Cerium-doped Gadolinium Aluminium Gallium Garnet |
54 high light output |
— |
|
520 |
1.9 |
— |
8 |
6.6 |
no |
| 45 low afterglow | low afterglow | ||||||||
| 30 fast decay time |
fast decay time | ||||||||
| 42 balanced | balanced | ||||||||
|
LaBr3(Ce) Cerium- doped Lanthanum Bromide |
63 |
165 |
20 |
380 |
1.9 |
1.8 |
2 |
5.1 |
yes |
|
Li-6 Glass |
— |
12 |
53 |
416 |
— |
— |
— |
2.3 |
no |
|
LSO(Ce) Cerium-doped Lutecium Silicate |
26 |
75 |
40 |
420 |
1.82 |
1.15 |
5.8 |
7.4 |
no |
|
LuAG(Ce) Cerium-doped Lutetium Aluminum Garnet |
25 |
20 |
70 |
535 |
1.84 |
1.3 |
8.5 |
6.73 |
no |
|
LuAG(Pr) Praseodymi-doped Lutetium Aluminum Garnet |
22~23 |
— |
22 |
310 |
— |
— |
8 |
6.73 |
no |
|
LYSO(Ce) Cerium-doped Lutetium Yttrium Silicate |
32 standard |
75 standard |
40~44 standard |
420 |
1.82 |
1.1 |
5.8 |
7.4 |
no |
|
29 fast decay time |
68 fast decay time |
32~34 fast decay time |
|||||||
|
NaI(Tl) Thallium activated Sodium Iodide |
38 |
100 |
250 |
415 |
1.85 |
2.59 |
2 |
3.67 |
yes |
|
Pure CsI Pure Cesium Iodide |
2 |
4~6 |
16 |
315 |
1.95 |
2 |
2 |
4.51 |
slightly |
|
YAG(Ce) Cerium- doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet |
30 |
40 |
70 |
550 |
1.82 |
2 |
8.5 |
4.55 |
no |
|
YAP(Ce) Cerium- doped Yttrium Aluminum Perovskite |
25 |
— |
28 |
370 |
1.95 |
2.7 |
8.5 |
5.4 |
no |
|
YSO(Ce) Cerium- doped Yttrium Silicate |
— |
70 |
50~70 |
420 |
1.8 |
— |
— |
4.45 |
no |
The light yield is defined as the ratio of the total number of photons emitted by the scintillator to the incident radiation energy absorbed by the scintillator. It can be seen from the definition that the measurement of light yield involves accurate measurement of photon number emitted by scintillator. Considering the factors such as light collection efficiency and sensitivity of measuring instrument, the measurement of light yield is too complicated and the measurement accuracy is not high. In practical application, relative light output is more used. The relative light output is defined as the relative value given by comparing the light output value of the measured scintillator with the standard scintillator sample. For example, taking the same size NaI (Tl) scintillator as the standard, measure the relative ratio of the full-energy peak site of the energy spectrum of the scintillator tested excited by the radioactive source of 137Cs at 662keV γ-ray under the same measurement conditions.
The selection of scintillator should be based on the type, energy and intensity of the radiation need to be detected, as well as the match degree with the photodetector, taking into account the cost and operating environment (temperature, humidity, mechanics, etc.) and other factors.
